Mayan Art Architecture Essay

Art for the Mayans was a reflection of their lifestyle and culture. For the Mayans art took several forms including painting paper, plaster, carvings in woodwind and store, clay, stucco models, and terra cotta figurines from molds. Metal was precise scarce and so it wasnt commonly employ.Mayan Art during the period, 200 to 900 has been considered the al or so sophisticated and beautiful of the New World. There is few remaining Mayan Art, which includes funerary pottery, ceramics, a building in Bonampak (which is around Chiapas, Mexico), has several murals.What is interesting is that Mayan art gave almost free reign to the artist. The artist was not necessitate to produce a induce that fit any particular rules. The art usually didnt outline anonymous priests and un haved Gods. few archaeologists believe that art was only produced by the wealthy. Most of the people who lived were farmers who had to work hard to make a living. It is presumed that most of the art was done by sons of kings, and the artworks make were given as gifts or sold to otherwise wealthy landowners. An interesting fact is that Mayans were one of the few civilizations that the artists signed their name to their work.ARCHITECTUREThe Mayan architecture is the method the men spoke to the gods. The first Mayan pyramid was said to be build in Uaxatan, Guatemala, precisely before the birth of Christ.The Mayan architecture is one of the most recognizable. Each pyramid was use to a deity whose shrine was at the peak. At the height of the Mayan civilization, cities like Chichen Itza, Tikal, Uxmal were created.URBAN DESIGNMayan cities were open up all throughout Mesoamerica. Locations of cities werenot planned to a great extent. In fact, most cities seem to be placed haphazardly. The Mayans easily adapted their cities to their surroundings. Cities that were in northern Yucatan existed on flat limestone plains, while cities built in the mountains or on hills such as, Usumacinta, used the topo graphy to raise their towers and tabernacles very high.At the centre of all Mayan cities were braggart(a) plazas, which held governmental and ghostlike buildings such as the pyramid temples and twine-courts.Although it seems that most planning was done in a haphazard manner, the Mayans placed very special attention to the directional orientation of temples and observatories. They were always constructed in uniformity with Maya interpretation of the orbits of the stars.Outside of ritual centers were the formation of lesser nobles, smaller temples, and individual shrines. These less sacred structures had more more privacy. Outside of the urban core were the less permanent and modest homes of common people. In essence, it was the most sacred and noble buildings in the centre and the further one got from the center the lower of importance the worry was in the Mayan hierarchy.In the classic Era the Mayans focused on great monuments (such as temples), public plazas. inside(prenomin al) Space was entirely secondary. In the later-post classic era the Greater Mayan cities unquestionable into more fortress-like defensives structures that lacked plazas.The Mayans actually developed several unique building innovations, including the corbel arch which was a false arch achieved by stepping separately successive block, from opposite sides, closer to the center, and capped at the peak.MATERIALSThe Mayans lacked many construction technologies. They didnt have coat tools, pulleys, and even the wheel or at to the lowest degree they didnt use the wheel as a means to help in work. Mayan architecture was based on manpower. Allstone was taken from local anaesthetic quarries, and they mostly used limestone. It wasnt only used because there was an abundance of it but because it was easy to be worked with. The mortar generally consisted of crushed, burnet, and mixed limestone that is similar to cement, and it gave a stucco finishing.PROCESSThe King or priests would contend the labour of the common people. The peasants would work on the construction projects as a method to pay allegiance to the king and the state, and the construction typically took place when they were unable to do their agricultural work. The laboureres would carry loads of materials on their backs of roll them on logs to get them from the source, usually a quarry, to the site.The Mayans also had specialized workers such as architects who would care the construction of the buildings.STYLEMayan architects did not build in right angles. They relied on bilateral symmetry import if you were to cut the building right down the middle, each half would look like a reverberate image of the other side. They would also build temples on top of temples. This is one method on how they made some pyramids so large.COMMON STRUCTURESCeremonial PlatformsThese were made of limestone, and less than 4 meters in height. Public ceremonies and unearthly rites were performed here. The buildings were oft en accented by carved figures, altars and sometimes a tzompantli. A tzompantly is a stake used to display the heads of victims, or defeated Ball game opponents. The word comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs, however,it has been applied to many other civilizations. The general interpretation is skull rack or wall of skulls.PalacesNeedless to say, palaces were large and highly decorated. They were usually placed at the center of the city and housed the citys elite. Often, they were one-story and consisted of many small chambers and at least one courtyard. Sometimes, palaces were home to various tombs.E-groupsStill a mystery today. The appeared on the western side of a plaza and they are a pyramid temple facing three smaller temples across the plaza. Some believe that these E-Groups are observatories due to precise positioning of the sun through the small temples when viewed during solsites and equinioxes.Pyramids and templesMost religious temples say atop very high Maya Pyra mids one theory stating that it was the closest place to the heavens. Most temples had a roof comb which is a superficial grandiose wall, they say the temples served as a type of propaganda. It was very occasional that these walls would exceed the height of the jungle. The roof combs would be carved with representations of rulers that could be seen from vast distances. Beneath the temple were a series of platforms split by steep stairs that would allow access to the temple.ObservatoriesThe Maya were very sizable people, and they were keen astronomers, they had mapped out phases of planets. The method they learned about this is through their observatories. The Mayans had these round temples, often dedicated to Quetzalcoatl or what they called him Kukulcan, and if you go on tours many guides will say that they are observatories but realisticallythere is no evidence to prove this.Ball CourtsAn integral part to any Mesoamerican lifestyle. This inst specific to just the Mayans but to b asically every Mesoamerican civilization. Enclosed on two sides by stepped ramps that led to the platforms. The ball court was found in all but the smallest of Mayan cities.Explanation of The GameIt was the first team gambling in history and began over 3,500 years ago. The game wasnt just for competition, the survival of the players and the spectators depended on the outcome.