The College Choir Concert :: essays papers

The College Choir Concert On Wednesday, May 23rd, I attended the College Choir concert in the Reamer Campus Center. The choir performed a variety of songs, ranging from offices in Latin to traditional American folksongs. Two of the pieces featured solos, and one even featured percussion instruments. Mrs. Elinore Farnum provided piano fill-in for each of the songs, and performed beautifully. I was extremely impressed by the talented choir members and their ability to sing such a varied range of songs.The first song, Magnificat in C, was one of the long-run songs performed, and featured many solos by Union students. This song is in Latin, but due to the English translation the audience received prior to the performance, we were able to notice along and comprehend the lyrics. This song demonstrated the various parts of a choir and allowed the sopranos, altos, and tenors to express themselves through sectional solos. The second piece, Paratum Cor Meum, was a much shorter piece with very few lyrics. It was interesting to hear a piece by Haydn, since we had discussed this composer in class. I was impressed by the choir members ability to remember linguistic process in another language, and I enjoyed the sounds of the piano accompaniment. Reuben, Reuben was a much happier song and the first of the songs performed in English however, my favorite pieces were Water Come-A-Me Eye and Great solar day I especially enjoyed Water Come-A-Me Eye because of the percussion instruments that some of the choir members played. Jasmina Begovic kept a steady beat on the maracas and provided a pleasant accompaniment to the melodies of the choir. The other percussion instruments were equally enjoyable and added an element to the song that other songs did not have. Great Day was particularly enjoyable because of the fast-paced rhythm and the efficiency of the performers. This song had a faster tempo than the other songs and was a great way to conclude the concert. Though it seemed as if the entire concert had picked up hie when the choir sang Reuben, Reuben, Guantanamera, and Water Come-A-Me Eye consecutively, the rhythm eventually slowed down when they performed Fare You Well, a traditional American folksong with a rather affliction sound to it.

Modern Architecture Essay -- Modernism, Postmodernism

As some critics contended, postmodernism shows a break with the modernist notion that architecture should be technologically rational, austere and functional, discuss the ship canal in which one postmodern architect has developed strategies which overcome these tendencies.Juxtaposition is seen between the characteristics of early 20th century modern architecture and the artistic endeavours of postmodernism that followed. To represent the Less is More (R.Venturi, 1966, pg16) notion the modernist tendencies had adopted, Robert Venturi built a Ghost Structure to imply architecture had no longer become an art form and was tho just a spectator (Architecturerevived, 2011) in society. This essay will discuss ship canal in which the architect Robert Venturi adopts methods to overcome these tendencies that architecture has lost meaning and ways in which he attempts to remove himself with any links with the post-modernist movement that he is viewed in having.Modern Architects saw their role as reformers, (R.Venturi, 1966, pg16) and tended to break with tradition and choke anew. Considering it was a new revolutionary movement they tended to sack potential problems and focused on the new modern advancements available.A modernist tendency was to build individually provided Venturi claimed that a building derives meaning from its context (Out Of the Ordinary, 2002) and evidently each individual location requires a different form of architectural style to represent this. In Venturis book Complexity and Contradiction he quotes familiar things seen in unfamiliar context become perceptually new as well as oldish (R.Venturi, 1966, pg43) here he perhaps means in order for art to become worthy of aesthetic appreciation the v... ...ical architecture in which he find shouldnt be forgotten but instead should be admired and inspire future movements. Despite modernism striping what Venturi believed was the art from architecture he fought to overcome these tendencies are drew upo n relevant historic features and characterisations and applied them liberally to his design, in accordance to their context. Nevertheless he understood that designing for the user was material and not to exclude social problems. He undertook the modernist concept of advanced ways to construct and recognised and understood the developing society, yet he chose not to ignore historic references and applied them in a system of layers within his designs to accommodate for the advanced civilization whilst electing to apply asceticism for both a functional and visual experience.

Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen Essay -- Cupid

Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen As a reader in the 1990s its tempting to see Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen as revolutionary and ahead of its time. She proposes the complete professionalization of the nutritive and execretive functions of society, a radical, if not revolutionary notion. However, in the light of the fin-de-siecle birth of the modern feminist movement, Gilman is but one voice in many inst for economic and social justice for women. In effect, the rhetorical situation of 1898 demanded and get tod this discourse as it does all discourse (Bitzer 5). Gilmans Cupid is a natural and elegant response to the conditions which created it the keep surplus of unmarried women in Britain and America as verified by census data, and the persistent injustice of the forced domestic servitude of married women. One pack only look as far as the literature of the 1890s to see that womens issues influenced the thinking of many intellectuals. The discourse of the period is obsessed with the proper roles for women, debate most suffrage, and considerations of what to do with all the odd women who couldnt find husbands. As early as 1860 census data indicated that more and more women were remaining single and unmarried (Showalter viii). In an essay written for The Edinburgh Review Harriet Martineau argued that because there were not enough husbands to go around, girls should be educated and trained to be self-supporting (Showalter ix). By the end of the atomic number 6 the numbers of unmarried women lacking economic support reached crisis proportions. This event, as much or more than any other, precipitated the feminist movement of the late nineteenth an... ... surprise. political economy drove the rhetorical situation in which Cupid was produced as it drives the rhetorical situation in which we return to Gilman for enlightenment now. Similarities in the rhetorical situations of reader, subject and author cr eate the common ground that makes Gilman seem so topical, but it is the clarity of her vision and the simple logic of her proposition that makes her work so remarkable. Works Cited Bitzer, Lloyd F. The Rhetorical Situation. philosophical system & Rhetoric 1.1 (1968) 1-14. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. Women and Economics Cupid in the Kitchen. A World of Ideas Essential Readings for College Writers. ed. Lee A. Jacobus (Boston St. Martins, 1990) 208-19. Showalter, Elaine. introduction. The Odd Women, by George Gissing (New York Pennguin, 1983) vii-xxvi. *

Classical Management Theory Essay -- Classical Management Theories Ess

Classical Management theory beforehand(predicate) Management TheoriesEarly Theories of Organizations emerged mainly for military and Catholic Church. The metaphor of the machine was dominant, where organizations ar viewed as machines. Therefore, the organizational application was, since workers behave predictably (as machines do rarely deviate from the norm), instruction knows what to expect, and workers operating outside expectations are re primed(p).Classical Management Theories There are three well-established theories of classical management Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol?s administrative Theory, Weber?s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones. &61504Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, U.S.AFrederick Taylor (1856-1915) ?The Father of Scientific Management?.Scientific Management theo ry arose from the need to increase productivity in the U.S.A. especially, where skilled labor was in short supply at the beginning of the twentieth century. The unaccompanied way to expand productivity was to raise the efficiency of workers.Taylor devised quadruple principles for scientific management theory, which were1. The growing of a true science of management, 2. The scientific selection and training of workers, 3. Proper remuneration for fast and high-quality work4. Equal plane section of work and responsibility amid worker and managerLimitations of The Theory of Scientific ManagementAlthough it maximized efficiency and productivity but its main limitation was ignoring human aspects of employment. This is manifested in the following? Some workers and unions contend this theory because they feared that working harder or faster would exhaust whatever work was available, causing layoffs. ? Objection to the speed up conditions that placed undue pressures on employees to pr actise at faster levels, some managers exploited both workers and customers. ? Reducing worker?s role to a rigid trammel to compulsory methods and procedures.? The increased fragmentation of work due to its emphasis on divisional labor .? Economically based approach to the motivation of employees .? It put planning and control of workplace activities only in the hands of managers.... ...Late 1980s renewed interest in organizational climate and groups Late 1980s rise of participatory management techniques cognise by such toll asTotal Quality Management (TQM), Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI).1986 first ruling by U.S. Supreme judiciary on subject of informal harassment Late 1980s work stress received increase attention in I/O research, theory, and practice rapprochement work and family lives received increasing attention.References- Organisation and Management of Health Care, April 2002, Version 2.0 , Main Contributor Katie Enock, Public Health Specialist, Harrow Primary C are bank www.healthknowledge.org.uk- Henri Rayol Industrial and General Administration, J.A.Caubrough, trans.(Geneva internationalist Management Institute, 1930) - http//www.northstar.k12.ak.us/schools/ryn/projects/inventors/taylor/taylor.html- http//www.survey-software-solutions.com/walonick/organizational-theory.htm- http//www.glass-time.com/gainsharing/Motivation.html- http//www.mtsu.edu/pmccarth/io_hist.htm- http//home.eclions.net/mbobic/Version17.htm- http//www.lib.uwo.ca/business/fayol.html- http//www2.pfeiffer.edu/lridener/DSS/Weber/WEBRPER.HTML Classical Management Theory Essay -- Classical Management Theories EssClassical Management TheoryEarly Management TheoriesEarly Theories of Organizations emerged mainly for military and Catholic Church. The metaphor of the machine was dominant, where organizations are viewed as machines. Therefore, the organizational application was, since workers behave predictably (as machines do rarely deviate from the norm), mana gement knows what to expect, and workers operating outside expectations are replaced.Classical Management Theories There are three well-established theories of classical management Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol?s Administrative Theory, Weber?s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones. &61504Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, U.S.AFrederick Taylor (1856-1915) ?The Father of Scientific Management?.Scientific Management theory arose from the need to increase productivity in the U.S.A. especially, where skilled labor was in short supply at the beginning of the twentieth century. The only way to expand productivity was to raise the efficiency of workers.Taylor devised four principles for scientific management theory, which were1. The development of a true science of management, 2. The scienti fic selection and training of workers, 3. Proper remuneration for fast and high-quality work4. Equal division of work and responsibility between worker and managerLimitations of The Theory of Scientific ManagementAlthough it maximized efficiency and productivity but its main limitation was ignoring human aspects of employment. This is manifested in the following? Some workers and unions opposed this theory because they feared that working harder or faster would exhaust whatever work was available, causing layoffs. ? Objection to the speed up conditions that placed undue pressures on employees to perform at faster levels, some managers exploited both workers and customers. ? Reducing worker?s role to a rigid adherence to compulsory methods and procedures.? The increased fragmentation of work due to its emphasis on divisional labor .? Economically based approach to the motivation of employees .? It put planning and control of workplace activities only in the hands of managers.... ... Late 1980s renewed interest in organizational climate and groups Late 1980s rise of participatory management techniques known by such terms asTotal Quality Management (TQM), Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI).1986 first ruling by U.S. Supreme Court on subject of sexual harassment Late 1980s work stress received increasing attention in I/O research, theory, and practice Balancing work and family lives received increasing attention.References- Organisation and Management of Health Care, April 2002, Version 2.0 , Main Contributor Katie Enock, Public Health Specialist, Harrow Primary Care Trust www.healthknowledge.org.uk- Henri Rayol Industrial and General Administration, J.A.Caubrough, trans.(Geneva International Management Institute, 1930) - http//www.northstar.k12.ak.us/schools/ryn/projects/inventors/taylor/taylor.html- http//www.survey-software-solutions.com/walonick/organizational-theory.htm- http//www.glass-time.com/gainsharing/Motivation.html- http//www.mtsu.edu/pmccarth/io_his t.htm- http//home.eclions.net/mbobic/Version17.htm- http//www.lib.uwo.ca/business/fayol.html- http//www2.pfeiffer.edu/lridener/DSS/Weber/WEBRPER.HTML

Stephen King’s Biography Essay -- american authors, the stand

Stephen fagot was one most of the popular American authors in history. He was born in Portland, shipboard soldier on Sept 21, 1947. He was raised by his mother, Nellie Pillsbury, and his father, Donald King. Today, Stephen King and his wife, Tabitha King, are living in Florida. He and Tabitha Spruce married in January of 1971. He met Tabitha in the stacks of the Fog Library at the University of Maine at Orono, where they both worked as students. (King) He published his first horror novel while study at the University. While at college, King supported his education and familys hard pressed finance by taking small jobs and selling stories to various magazines. During his primaeval automobileeer, he was famous for a series of horror novel called, Dark Tower Stories. In the late 1990s, he was injured by a car crash which resulted in a very bad condition in his leg and lung, too (Stephen Edwin King). Now, he and his wife support local fellowship charities and a scholarship for local high school students in Florida (King). Stephen King show of his life where it has influences of his writing and how it did impact many people.Kings enchantment with honor of fact his writing throughout his career. The first evidence of Stephen King being very interest in horror showed in his work in his early education (Stephen Edwin King). He read a scary comic book which affected how he wrote (Biography of Stephen King). Much of Kings early works were science fiction based, but because he lacked the scientific grounding, they tended to be a bit thin on detail, but alleviate excellent for someone of his age. Later, he combined science fiction and fantasy in his writing to have more eff... ...21006/Top-ten-Stephen-King-books.html.King, Stephen. The keep going. www.goodreads.com. Goodreads Inc, 11 Feb 2014. Web. 11 Feb 2014. .King, Tabitha. The Author.http//www.stephenking.com/. Stephen King, 06 Feb 2014. Web. 6 Feb 2014. .Stand The Complete & Uncut Edition. www.stephenking.com . Stephen King , 23 Apr 2012. Web. 9 Feb 2014. /stand_the_complete__uncut_edition_the.html.Stephen Edwin King. www.thefamouspeople.com. FAMOUS PEOPLE, 06 Feb 2014. Web. 6 Feb 2014. edwin-king-34.php.Stephen King.http//www.greatamericanwriter.webs.com. N.p., 14 Feb 2014. Web. 14 Feb 2014. .

Stephen King’s Biography Essay -- american authors, the stand

Stephen business leader was one most of the popular American authors in history. He was innate(p) in Portland, Marine on Sept 21, 1947. He was raised by his mother, Nellie Pillsbury, and his father, Donald office. Today, Stephen King and his wife, Tabitha King, are living in Florida. He and Tabitha Spruce married in January of 1971. He met Tabitha in the stacks of the Fog Library at the University of Maine at Orono, where they both worked as students. (King) He published his first horror novel eyepatch study at the University. While at college, King reared his education and familys hard pressed finance by taking small jobs and sell stories to various magazines. During his early career, he was famous for a series of horror novel called, Dark Tower Stories. In the late 1990s, he was injured by a car crash which resulted in a very bad condition in his leg and lung, too (Stephen Edwin King). Now, he and his wife support local community charities and a scholarship for local high sc hool students in Florida (King). Stephen King show of his life where it has influences of his writing and how it did impact many people.Kings fascination with honor of fact his writing throughout his career. The first evidence of Stephen King being very interest in horror showed in his work in his early education (Stephen Edwin King). He read a scary comic book which affected how he wrote (Biography of Stephen King). Much of Kings early works were science fiction based, but because he lacked the scientific grounding, they tended to be a bit thin on detail, but still excellent for someone of his age. Later, he combined science fiction and fantasy in his writing to have more eff... ...21006/Top-ten-Stephen-King-books.html.King, Stephen. The Stand. www.goodreads.com. Goodreads Inc, 11 Feb 2014. Web. 11 Feb 2014. .King, Tabitha. The Author.http//www.stephenking.com/. Stephen King, 06 Feb 2014. Web. 6 Feb 2014. .Stand The Complete & Uncut Edition. www.stephenking.com. Stephen King , 23 Apr 2012. Web. 9 Feb 2014. /stand_the_complete__uncut_edition_the.html.Stephen Edwin King. www.thefamouspeople.com. FAMOUS PEOPLE, 06 Feb 2014. Web. 6 Feb 2014. edwin-king-34.php.Stephen King.http//www.greatamericanwriter.webs.com. N.p., 14 Feb 2014. Web. 14 Feb 2014. .

Life of a Sensuous Woman Essay

Throughout the story the narrator describes several intimate mo workforcets she has shared with men in her past, which is seemingly braggadocios, but as it continues, its actually about a woman who desires to love herself. She begins by explaining how she is not from a low segmentation family because her dad descended from middle ranking, stated on page 594, but by the age of 13 years old she had experienced many lovers.How ironic, because aristocrats are held in such high regards, and would never be caught being so promiscuous, but she somehow seems to blame the reason for her tenacious desire for lovemaking on the gamy woman and men she witnessed. Another proud moment for the narrator was when she spoke about being the only woman, in a village of 170 attractive women, that was thought to be pretty enough to be taken back to the domain lords attention. As stated on page 598,When I got there, the old handmaiden thought I was even better than the woman in the painting, so the sear ch was called off. She continues to emphasize her abilities regarding lovemaking with the monk on page 601, the man she wrote garner for on page 605, and finally the 500 disciples on page 610. Ultimately, the narrators decides to abandon her commitment to be of pure mind and heart to meditate and enter the port of the Buddha, as stated on page 611, because she is overpowered by her eminent desire to relive all of the adventures she experienced though her lovemaking, the proudest moments of her existence.

Aphra Bhen’s Oroonoko “The royal Slave” and “Candide, Or Optimism” Essay

Aphra Bhen was a prolific female playwright and author during the restoration diaphragm of face history. Bhen herself stood by the power of the monarchy. Her book _Oroonoko_ has hints within the textual matter that royalty is seen as set apart from the rest of society and that rank is the natural score of things. Though little is re in ally know about Behns early years, evidence suggests that she may know had a Catholic upbringing (1) however, in considering the text for analysis, Bhens position on religion shows that she found religion really constrictive to society, which I will discuss in detail later.Franois-Marie Arouet who is also known by his nom de plume Voltaire, was famous for his wit and for his advocacy of civil liberties, including tolerantdom of religion, freedom of expression, free trade and separation of church and state. He was a cut Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher, and his Book _Candide or Optimism_ is a satirical philosophical tale which I w ill also discuss in detail later.The initiatory text to be analysed is found on page 11 of _Oroonoko_. The text depicts the Indian natives of Surinam, how they appear to the narrator, how they show love to each other and how they interact with the English governor.The text begins with a vivid description of the natives. they argon extreme modest bashful, very shy and nice of being touched and though they are all thus naked if iodine lives forever among them, there is non seen an indecent action or glance. This is a vivid description of innocence, and leads to the use of poetic terminology when discussing erotic love eg -he pursues her with eyes and sighs were all his language while she lookeddown with all blushing modesty.. This is also a clever use of the floor structure known as vocalisation, and gives a powerful moving-picture show of how the natives feel for each other. However the trace she uses in the text is also hyperbolic, in as much as she romanticises the natives she describes. Also by doing this the natives are shown as passive.The text also contains Biblical perspective and religious connotations. In the first quarter of the memoir she states so like our parents before the fall which she also connects with and these people represented to me an absolute idea of the first state of innocence, before man knew how to sin By placing these comments in this conjunction, together with the innocence she creates, she thus connects two the native man and the woman to Adam and Eve within their setting- the jungle of Surinam, which thus creates an impression of the Garden of Eden as described in the Bible, in Genesis 3. This is something that her audience, having known the Biblical text accurately, would have been able to understand and thus compress into consideration, when thinking about a man and a woman from a country a long way away.The narrator considers this noble when she sees their culture free from the social parameters of religion and inf orms the reader thus Nature is the most harmless, inoffensive, and virtuous mistress, it is she alone, if she were permitted, that better instructs the world than the inventions of man religion would here destroy that tranquillity that they let by ignorance.But she also sates in the first quarter of the text . It seems as if they had no wishes, and nothing to heighten their curiosity and later adds where there is no novelty there is no curiosity. when this is considered with the biblical connections, there is the possible implication of rank detachment thus separating the natives from the Christian-European culture which she and her readers are a part of.At the end of the text, she separates the natives even further from the colonists, when she describes a meeting with the Governor.When the Governor cannot make the trip to see them, the natives conclude that he must be dead. When this it is seen that this is not the case, the natives strain the Governor a liar and guilty of that i nfamy. On one level, this could be seen as native justice as she calls it. However, it also implies that the natives are special(a) in their understanding, and possibly suggesting that colonisation is acceptable, moreover necessary for their development.The second texts is seen on Pages 40 to 42 of Voltaires Candide or Optimism and are contained in chapter 16 of the chief(prenominal) text. The scene depicts Candide and Cacambo entering the Jungle of Orillion, Their entrapment by the Orillians Cacambos discourse with the Orillians, who then release Candide and Cacambo from captivity, and ends with Candides exclamation as to how nice the Orillians are.Its a Jesuitical its a Jesuit we will be avenged And well eat the Jesuit say the Orillians after capturing Candide. Here Voltaire is seeing the native as very savage. But he is also viscously satirical and ironic, as Voltaire himself was taught by the Jesuit order. The omniscient narrator here gives us insight into what the natives ar e saying, and this adds to the viscous liquid body substance and the irony.Candide then considers the philosophy of optimism which is the underpinning continuing theme within the text All is for the best, no doubt, simply I must say that its a wild thing to have lost Mademoiselle Cungonde and be roasted on a spit by the Orillions.Cacambo comes to the rescue by reasoning with the natives. Here Voltaire does not see a race that is inferior to the culture in Europe, but simply another form human being that can be legal with. As Cacambo states that natural law teaches us to kill our neighbour all the world over. The Orillians might be cannibals but as he says We Europeans have other means of eating well thus suggesting that there is little that separates modern society from the native, other than money.The Orrillians are convinced by Cacambos good speech and not only do they let them go, they give them women and are treated with every civility again underlining the civility of the n ative population and thus informing the reader of the day that the natives are civilised in their behaviour, despite where they live and what they wear and try to do.As the piece ends, Candide is overcome some(prenominal) by his deliverance but also by the natives themselves what men What customs he says, going back to the theory of Optimism and the issues that relate to cause and effect if I had not run my sword right through Cungondes brother, I would have been eaten alive without fail. It seems to me that nature is a good thing, since these people, instead of eating me, showed me a thousand civilities just as soon as they know I was not a Jesuit.In its tone style and genre _Candide or Optimism_ is a sharply satirical, philosophical tale that stands against the Leibnitzs argument for philosophical optimism which is summed up in the words of Alexander pope whatever IS, IS RIGHT. (2) In its tone style and genre Oroonoko is a classical tradgedy where the hero is brought low by per sonal character flaws or outside circumstances.In comparing and contrasting the texts, both(prenominal) consider colonisation and exploration In considering the concept of exploration within _Oroonoko_ Bhen paints a vivid picture of the passivity and the beauty of the natural order, and how this justifies hierarchal society, Whereas, in _Candide_ Voltaire paints a very different picture, where benignity as a whole is struggling with its very nature, and only reason and enlightenment can help humanity progress.In considering colonisation, Bhen supports the idea of colonisation as a means of financial gain for the homeland. Therefore the natives are shown as a species on their own but a secondary species, next to the European colonists which thus supports the idea of slavery, as a means to an end, despite the suffering that slavery incurs. This is seen in how she considers the natives in the text, who are considered, on the whole as nave.In _Candide_ Voltaire gives us a very complex picture of a world with complex cultures that simply do not interact well. Suggesting that colonisation is an imposition of one culture upon another for the sake of greed. This too is seen in the way he portrays the natives in the text, and though both consider religion to be a man-made construct that is difficult and dangerous to impose upon another culture. It is Bhens perspective of the natives that is demeaning, whereas Voltaires position is one of equality where we are all the same the world over._Oroonoko_ by Aphra Bhen and _Candide_ by Voltaire, some(prenominal) have varied and complex arguments relating to slavery and the plight of humanity. Both are very different and tell two very different stories of life in other lands. The fact that they are still in release now, is a reflection of their importance in understanding the attitudes and cultural aspects of the time that they were written. This in turn, still makes them as important as they were when they were first writt en.1. Todd J ingress xviii Oroonoko2. Pope A _Essay of man p 45-6_ Fraiser R Voltaire _candide, or optimism_ P 182 renaissance and the long 18th Century (ed) Pacheo A, Johnson D, Open university press.BiblographyBhen A. Oroonoko William canning (1688) (ed) Todd J. penguin classics(2004)Voltaire Candide or Optimism (ed) T. Cuffe Penguin classics (2005)The reincarnation and long eighteenth century (ed) Pacheo A, Johnson D, Openuniversity press.(2008)

Analysis of the Raven by Edgar Allen Poe Essay

The nineteenth century poet Edgar Allen Poe makes use of several literary devices in enunciate to create a gloomy atmosphere in his poem The Raven. alliteration, rhyme, onomatopoeia, vowel rhyme, and repetition are used to contribute to the melodic nature of the work and yield an almost visual representation of his gothic setting. Poe is a master of using these writing techniques. The Raven is one of his most popular works. This is certainly due, in fail to his use of these literary devices in this piece. The poem tells of a narrator who is reading an old book in his parlor when he is interrupted by a knock at the admission. The protagonist is in a period of grieving over the loss of his love, Lenore. At first, he wonders who the visitor might be and resolves to testify him or her that he is indisposed at the moment. The narrator finally opens the door only to find no one there.He returns to the chair (which Lenore will no longer occupy), only to hear the rapping again. He deci des that the sound may be coming from the window, so he opens it. A raven enters through the window and lights upon a bust of a mythological figure that the narrator has in his room. The narrator questions the raven concerning its name, the bird answers nevermore. This startles the speaker, and he wonders aloud if the bird will reserve him just as all of his friends seem to do. Again, he is answered by the raven nevermore. As the protagonist progressively becomes more and more upset with the situation, he decides that the raven must go. He even demands that the raven leave. The response nevermore is once again given by the bird, which refuses to go. The narrator finally concludes that his soul is inextricably tied to this foul beast and he is to be forever tormented by it.The melodic nature of the poem and its very gloomy tone is beef up by Poes superior of haggle and the sound make that they convey. By the use of rhyme, the poem is made to flow much like a straining when read aloud. For modelling, the second line and the last three lines of every stanza rhyme with each other. Many other internal rhymes are also constitute at bottom the lines of the poem. In fact, the first line of the poem contains an internal rhyme Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary. Another example is found in Line 31 which reads Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning, The poem is rife with such examples. Poe also uses repetition to accentuate the musical quality of The Raven.Obviously, the repeating of the word nevermore is used throughout the work not only to convey a sense of musicality, but to declare oneself the melancholy theme of this piece due to the connotations that the word expresses (lines 48, 54, 60, 72, etc.). Poe also uses repetition in other sections of the poem. In lines 16 and 17, we read Tis some visitor entreating attract at my chamber door Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door In these lines , we get the impression that the speaker is try to reassure himself that there is no sinister force at work, but simply a visitor at his door. Edgar Allen Poe was extremely talented at choosing words which not only support the fluidity of the work while also reinforcing the tone. Alliteration is another literary device which is used throughout The Raven.Alliteration is the repetition of beginning consonant sounds. The Raven is full of examples of alliteration. An instance of this device is seen in line 26, in which the d sound is repeated Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before While another example is found in line 45 Though thy crest be sheared and shaven, thou, I said, art sure no craven, In the previous sample, the th sound, as well as the sh sound are used for effect.Poe craftily uses assonance throughout this piece, as well. Assonance is the repeating of a vowel sound in a line. Line 13 gives us an example of assonance as Poe couples the words purple c urtain. Immediately following this, he begins line 14 with the assonant words Thrilled me-filled me Again, we see such a choice of words in line 59 hopes have flown. However, line 71, gives us perhaps the best example of Poes use of assonance when he writes grim, ungainly, ghastly, skeletal when describing the bird.Edgar Allen Poe also employs onomatopoeia in The Raven. Onomatopoeia is a technique of using words which imitates the source of a sound which is described. An example is found when the rapping and tapping upon the speakers door and window is described (lines 3,4,5,21,22, and 32). Poe also offers onomatopoeia in line 37, when he uses the words flirt and flutter to describe the raven entering from the window. Another fine example is found in line 80 in which the writer mentions the tinkle of foot-falls on the floor.The Raven offers a fine example of how the use of sound effects and other literary devices can be used by writers to establish a tone that creates a mood within the reader. Poes mastery of these tools is kinda impressive. He artfully gives an illustration to writers, readers, and students of how to make full use of these implements to create the precise air of dread that Poe desires to convey, while maintaining the beauty of a flowing, melodic poem.

Data compression

Presentation or Weeping Presentation or Weeping (2) Describe the fields that could be or ar merged not Just name and bid. More detail required e. G. Firest unrivalled, surname. House name or number. Street, Village, Town, Postcode If no(prenominal) exists explain what the end user would like you to produce. If none exists analyses a similar web pageboy if your local football team does not have one analyses another football teams website. Purpose + Audience + info Identify the special features, e. . Video, sound, animations included or could be included Automated Document (2) These could be actual automated records or manual documents which have the electric potential to be an automated process If none exists explain what the end user would like you to produce For the automated process you must identify Purpose of the letter *audience + DATA What is the purpose, audience and data of the website or presentation Identify and describe its purpose.This could be an actual automated document or a one which includes a process which could be automated If you are looking at an actual set of web pages identify the feature on the page do not Just give a diagnose. (Good practice is to use an arrow pointing to the feature and label it or try to write a short blame about it. Specific detail needed on type of sound, television, animation, hotshot and hyperlink, etc.. In describing the potential features DO NOT generalist Be specific video of Links to what.Sound files about An email link to 2 Task 1 DTV Mark Criteria Purpose of your document Analysis of house dash Design slender design of documents Use of elemental features contrasting font styles and sizes Purpose of document and audience House style / ethos of your document This may not always be the same as the ones you have looked at. NOT DESCRIPTIVE NOT it will have a blue background and use comic sans font. WHY? Designs basic Bold, centre and accent cyphers Right or full Justification Bullet points Nee ds both parts What image are you trying to project How are you going to project it? . G. Friendly and fun, so I will use lots of picture of people smiling and enjoying themselves Outline layout with inherent page penchant and identifying which frames are text and which are for pictures. (If only 1 page no chicken feeds can be awarded) Details of Data both text and prowess graphics. Fonts & Font Sizes 1 mark awarded for details of fonts and font sizes to be used (80% coverage) 1 mark awarded for details of 8 different features to be used much(prenominal) as margins, tab settings, line spacing, paragraph styles, etc.Show the 8 different features that you are going to use Use of different font styles and sizes Use of bold, centre and underline (need all three) Autograph Need all three but not necessarily on the same words or page Any Autograph Justification Right or Full NOT left aligned and more than two lines Cannot be awarded if only 1 bullet not in a clear list use (3 in list ) right or centre Justification skews the bullets 3 Must be clear fusspot and not Just large fonts Could also be text from orthogonal text generators/ sources, e. G. Collect. Mom e. G. Clouded text boxes, shaded tables, Clouded borders in tables, Clouded text Worrywart Shading effects Shading Effects Headers and footers Two forms of electronic combination Use of at least two different types of graphical image, from different sources added to document Screenings evidence required Tables Must include grisliness unless evidence is clear 5 Each of the following may be awarded one mark up similarly maximum of 5 marks for this section. Each of the following may be awarded one mark up to a maximum of 5 marks for this section.Advanced Features Different Paragraph formats up to five of Different paragraph formats, Different line spacing, Superscript and subscript, Customized tables, Page or frame borders, organise and use win tabs, specialize and use own indents, Watermarks, Pagination , Use of layering (forward and behind), Own style sheets Different line spacing Super Script and Subscript Set and use own Tabs Set and use own indents Layering Water marks Both need to be present and come to the fore on the same place on every page on the printed document An image from Clipper, Internet, Scanner, Digital Camera, etc. Mark for each form/source of image) e. G. Scanned images, graphics from web, clipper from disc, digital camera images, graphs from spreadsheets, graphics from bounder packages or paint. Must have forrader and aft(prenominal) screen shots as evidenceSensible use not automatic evidence of before and after or no marks can be awarded NOT use of default tab settings in body of text or bullets evidence of before and after or no marks can be awarded In main body of text both left & right hand sides evidence of before and after or no marks can be awarded Use of layering forward and behind not Just moving on top evidence of before and after or no 4 Own Style Sheets construction evidence needed Page or Frame Borders Pagination Customized bullets Added to original list Photo editing Must be Customized tables cell merging / text direction not Just Clouded cells or bordersPage numbers must appear on all pages in the same place (If this has been used in Header & Footer cannot be counted twice) A second set of bullet points needed External image from a file (Not internal fonts and characters) needed as the customization If complex not Just crop, rotate, etc, needs at least 3 shape effect and construction evidence required Task 2 Automated Document User Requirements Purpose of document Intended user House style Purpose of document + Professional ethos Basic layout and page orientation Automated features Font styles and Sizes used Data Basic Features Wordinesss template import data from external source 1 mark awarded for the basic layout and page orientation 1 mark awarded for design of automated features including mail merged fields (not just address block/greeting lines) and THREE macros 1 mark for font styles and sizes used Data and contact details Not Just body of letter 1 mark awarded for the wordinesss template document showing the fields incorporated into the document. (The letter must not be cropped and should clearly identify both the merged fields and their couch on the document and the data in the letter) Suitable format and layout for data Database Evidence

O’Henry

OHenry a great American writer was born and grew up in uniting Carolina. OHenry was just a pen name. His real name is William Sydney Porter. After growing up in North Carolina he moved to Texas. His military chaplain was a doctor named Dr. Algemon Sidney Porter his mothers name was Mary Jane Virginia Swaim Porter. When OHenry was ab break through 3 years old his mother died of tuberculosis. O Henry had to move in with his grandmother. OHenry loved to read as a child. Who knew this would be the beginning of a great writer.After OHenry moved in with his grandmother he went to middle and high direct. His fathers sister tutored him. After he finished high school he went to work for his uncle at his drug store. By the time he was nineteen he was a licensed pharmacist. He would also sketch the great unwashed that came in to the drugstore for entertainment.OHenry always had a persistent cough so he thought if he moved to Texas it would get better. He went to work on a sheep herders ranch , doing everything from babysitting, cook, and ranch hand. He still read altogether the time. He also played and sang all the time at social gatherings where he met Athol Estes. Her family was wealthy and didnt approve of OHenry so they eloped. They later had a baby boy who didnt live long and then a year later had a daughter named Margaret Worth Porter around 1889.He became a draftsman who force maps for the Texas land office. But he also was writing and his wife encouraged him to write. He eventually went to work for the bank but he also was working(a) on his writing. He did not keep his books well and the bank and he was accused of embezzling money from the bank. He lost his job but there charges against him at the time. He and his family moved to Houston and he started working for the Post. The bank did finally charge OHenry for embezzlement and as soon as he make bail he moved to New Orleans and later to Honduras. He wrote many short stories there but he missed his family. H e was overtaking to send for his wife to come but found out she was very ill with tuberculosis and was dying. He came back to Texas and surrendered. He was locked up but his father-in-law bailed him out to be with his daughter.OHenrys wife died in 1897. He was found guilty of embezzlement and was sentenced to five years in prison. While OHenry was in prison he wrote fourteen stories that were published. A friend of his would pass his stories on to publishers who had no idea that the writer was in prison. After 3 years of good behavior in prison OHenry was released and he was able to be with his eleven year old daughter. In 1902 he and Margaret moved to New York where he did a lot of his great writing. He wrote all the time over 300 stories while in New York. He eventually married someone from his childhood from North Carolina named Sarah Coleman.He continued to write but OHenry was a heavy drinker and his health failed and he died of June 5, 1910, of cirrhosis of the liver. He was buried in Ashville North Carolina. OHenry was a very well liked writer. He was known for his distinct surprise endings to his stories. Writings like The Gift of Magi The Last Leaf and The Ransom of Red Chief are read over and over again my adults as well as students today.

Database Needs for Early Learning Programs Essay

The Outcomes and Targets for the recently passed Families and Education Levy be very high. At the heart of the levy is accountability and using entropy in timely ways to improve annual outcomes. In the realm of Early Learning the dollars go forth double and the number of squirtren and professional staff served pull up stakes change magnitude dramatically. The requirement for reliable, accessible information is great. An HSD IT web based information system (ELNIS) was created in 2006 for the previous levy. It was deployed in the summer of 2007 and began to be used in the 2007-2008 school year.Hosted by the state of Washington, it is accessible to distributively long timency under contract with the city through a city purchased computer and digital certificate. athletic supporter desk support and training are besides tryd by the city. In 2009 the state ECEAP computer designme substantially changed its go inment form. ELNIS no longer matches the data elements required by the state. It was decided, because the change came so late in the year, that it was not feasible to make the changes in ELNIS. For the 2009-10 and 2010-11 school years the data has been out of sync with enrollment forms for ECEAP.ELNIS was intentional in 2005 with the hope of having a single early learning data base for ECEAP, Step leading, and tyke commission Subsidy. This proved to be unfeasible assumption the time constraints and limited resources available to accomplish the task. pincerren are entered into multiple data bases that do not connect with to for each one one other, but all ECEAP children are also in ELNIS. In 2010 creative political platform substantially change the child judicial decision tool, such that in the final year of the levy 2010-2011 the child sagaciousness data is no longer uploaded into ELNIS.Again it was decided not to reconfigure ELNIS to match the changes in the assessments because of time and cost, until the new levy passed. The OFE ca lendar monthly report drives the immediate need for data. Each month OFE requires a data set of demographics, attendance and assessment data be delivered on the last day month following the month inform. In the MOA each year between OFE and HSD the data elements are negotiated. The data reporting required for early learning in 2010-2011 is on pages 5 8 of this report.These will still form a substantial part of the required data, but there will be additional items and number of records will increase substantially. Further, each year an analysis is completed by the data and evaluation strategic advisor in August/September for the previous school year. The data is used to help humprs and education specialists to improve the performance of the agencies in the next school year. This process begins by creating a large data set of assessments matched to each child who has been served.The early vision was that the data would be stored in ELNIS and transfer for use in evaluations ready t o be reported or analyzed. ELNIS is capable of containing the demographic data (although it no longer matches the data collected for ECEAP families) for each child, the agency, site and classroom data, and the ECERS assessment. It can no longer upload the Embedded Child pen Assessment data, the PPVT- 4 child data, nor any data about professional development. All of this data must be managed separately in Excel spreadsheets and appended to the download from ELNIS.Increased take for data and new data elements The new levy includes six components of which are three are new and three are spread out Professional Development Family Engagement and Outreach Preschool Kindergarten Transition Home Visiting Program Health and Mental Health Support for Children The new required elements for reporting are expected to include the following indicators of progress toward the outcomes Parent-Child Home Program (PCHP) Caregivers/Adults will demonstrate increased positive bearing on the Parent an d Child in concert tool ( compact).PCHP Children will fill step on the Child Behavior Traits (CBT) and the Teacher Rating of Oral Language and Literacy (TROLL). Family Friend and Neighbors (FFNS) Care Providers Caregivers/Adults will demonstrate increased positive air on the Parent and Child unitedly tool (PACT). Step Ahead Preschool Programs Children enrolled will meet the exemplar Score and/or make gains on the Peabody assure diction Test-4 (PPVT-4) of Receptive incline by the end of the preschool year.Step Ahead Preschool serving children who are English Language Learners Children will make statistically significant gains in English Language Acquisition at the end of the preschool year on the PPVT-4. Step Ahead Preschool Children will meet age level expectations at the end of the preschool year on Teaching Strategies specie Child (TSG) assessment. Children served by Step Ahead and SEEC and enrolled in full-day kindergarten Children will meet the age-level expectatio ns on Washington Kindergarten Inventory of Developing Skills (WaKIDS) .SEEC Pre-K Classrooms will meet the Environ cordial Rating Scale (ERS) standard at the end of the platform year. SEEC Pre-K Teachers will meet standard on the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) at the end of the program year. Children enrolled in Step Ahead pre-K program will have fewer than 5 absences per semester. Children served by a Step Ahead Preschool will be assessed at level 2 or high on the district English assessment test at the beginning of Kindergarten. Number of early learning and child care settings receiving targeted computer address or training.% of children who enroll in kindergarten on time. % of children enrolled in full day kindergarten. % of children who attend 90% of school days. % of children who meet the birth to 3-year indicator for health (TBD). % of 4 year olds who meet standard on the curriculum embedded assessment in preschool. Early Learning Health Number of early learn ing and child care settings and providers receiving targeted consultation or training. Number of children in early learning and child care settings receiving developmental assessments.Number of children in early learning and child care referred for mental health therapy and/or medical follow-up. Number of low-income families linked to a health care home, Medicaid coverage, and/or other health care resources. Assessment Tools used to provide outcome and indicator data Formative Assessments Child Teaching Strategies Gold (administered fall, winter and fountain of the pre-k year) Classroom Curriculum-embedded classroom checklist (administered annually) CLASS Annual voluntary placard of pre-k and kindergarten- third horizontal surface teachers to measure teacher effectiveness.Summative Assessments Child PPVT-4 (administered fall and spring of pre-k ) Child WaKIDS ( administered fall and spring of kindergarten) Classroom ECERS ( administered annually) Performance Payment with OFE w ill likely include these Outcomes (indicators) 2010-11 Indicator BaselinesNumber of Students Meeting IndicatorPercent of Students Meeting Indicator Families demonstrating increased positive sort on the PACT and the CBT 35/4283. 3% Children making gains in the Standard Score from the fall pre-PPVT to the spring post-PPVT 657/93570. 3%Children with a minimum of two assessments contact age-level expectations on Teaching Strategies Gold397/546 73. 0% Children are in classrooms meeting an ECERS standard of 5 in each subscale or an average of 6 in all subscales. 397/636 62. 4% Indicator Targets2010-20112012-132013-142014-152015-162016-172017-182018-19 Families demonstrating increased positive demeanour on the PACT and the CBT 83. 3% 84% 85% 86% 87% 88% 89% 90% Children making gains in the Standard Score from the fall pre-PPVT to the spring post-PPVT 70. 3% 73% 76% 80% 83% 86% 89% 90%.Children with a minimum of two assessments meeting age-level expectations on Teaching Strategies Gold 7 3. 0% 75% 78% 81% 84% 87% 89% 90% Children are in classrooms meeting an ECERS standard of 4 in each subscale or an average of 6 in all subscales. 62. 4% 67% 71% 76% 80% 85% 89% 90% Conclusions ELNIS as currently configured will not meet the needs of the Early Learning System to report data to the funder, to use data for improving outcomes, or to manage data for contract payment purposes and monitoring. Either work needs to begin ASAP on reconfiguring ELNIS or a new data system needs to be created or purchased.Options include an HSD IT build or a purchase of a configurable off the shelf software system, such as Adsystech or ETO. info will need to begin being reported to OFE in the fall of 2012, eight months from now. What options exist for meeting this need? What resources are available? What planning team up should be assembled? Data Set currently required to be reported by OFE (2010-2011) SEEC Early Learning Pre-K Source HSD (monthly) Data ElementData TypeNotes Year numericalTh e year of the period that the data is reported for. e. g. 2006 for reporting period December 2006.MonthnumericThe month of the period that the data is reported for. e. g. 12 for reporting period December 2006 Child HSD ID numeral1 = English 2 = Other than English 3 = English and another language 4 = not reported Student IDNumericEnter SPS Student ID afterwards child is enrolled in Kindergarten Ethnicity tagChar 25 categories from SPS Childs Home LanguageNumeric Gender CodeChar 1 SEEC Agency CodeChar 4Corresponds with Agency name look-up table SEEC Site CodeChar 4Corresponds with classroom site look-up table SEEC Classroom Code Char 7Corresponds with classroom look-up table.SEEC StatusNumeric1 = Step-Ahead Pre-K 2 = Step Ahead Match SEEC TierNumericTier I Step Ahead, Tiny Tots, Refugee Womens Alliance, and Jose Marti Tier II Denise Louie Education Center/ motion Start Tier III Non-Step Ahead Early Childhood Education and Assistance Programs (ECEAP) , Neighborhood House Head Star t Tier IV countrywide Child Care Program (CCCP), other Head Start Programs in the City of Seattle Days in Pre-K ProgramNumeric/NullTotal number of days the student has participated in the Pre-K program during the month.ECERS Average Subscale Scores and average totalNumericRange 1-7 ECERS Met StandardYes/No/Null ECERS average construct of 4 crosswise all 7 elements Classroom Quality StandardYes/No/NullClassroom met pure tone standards Classroom LevelNumeric/NullClassroom pull in based on years of experience and training inaugural Child Assessment Social/Emotional DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the inaugural creative Curriculum child assessment or High/ backcloth COR maiden Child Assessment Physical DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 1st Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR.1st Child Assessment Cognitive DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 1st Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR 1st Child Assessment Language DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 1st Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR second Child Assessment Social/Emotional DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 2nd Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR 2nd Child Assessment Physical DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 2nd Creative Curriculum child assessment. or High/Scope COR 2nd Child Assessment.Cognitive DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 2nd Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR. 2nd Child Assessment Language DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 2nd Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR. third Child Assessment Social/Emotional DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the third Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR. 3rd Child Assessment Physical DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 3rd Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR. 3rd Child Assessment.Cognitive D evelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 3rd Creative Curriculum child assessment. 3rd Child Assessment Language DevelopmentNumeric/NullStudents level from the 3rd Creative Curriculum child assessment or High/Scope COR. Formative Assessment ChildYes/No/NullChild met the standard in the final embedded assessment as adopted by the SEEC assessment workgroup. PCHPYes/No/NullParticipated in Parent-Child Home Program. SEEC Early Learning Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition PPVT Source HSD (twice yearly) Data ElementData TypeNotes Child HSD IDNumeric.Child AgeXX-XXChilds age at time of test in years and months 1st assessment standard reachNumeric/NullStudents standard score from the 1st Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. 1st assessment raw scoreNumeric/NullStudents raw score from the 1st Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 1st assessment grade equivalent scoreNumeric/NullStudents grade equivalent score from the 1st Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 1st assessment age equiv alent scoreNumeric/NullStudents age equivalent score from the 1st Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 1st assessment growth scale valueNumeric/NullStudents growth scale value from the 1st Peabody Picture.Vocabulary Test 1st assessment percentile scoreNumeric/NullStudents percentile score from the 1st Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2nd assessment standard scoreNumeric/NullStudents standard score from the 2nd Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test.2nd assessment raw scoreNumeric/NullStudents raw score from the 2nd Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2nd assessment grade equivalent scoreNumeric/NullStudents grade equivalent score from the 2nd Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2nd assessment age equivalent scoreNumeric/NullStudents age equivalent score from the 2nd Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2nd assessment growth scale valueNumeric/NullStudents growth scale value from the 2nd Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2nd assessment percentile scoreNumeric/NullStudents percentile score from the 2nd P eabody Picture Vocabulary Test.SEEC Early Learning ECERS Source HSD (twice yearly) Data ElementData TypeNotes SEEC Classroom Code Char 7Corresponds with classroom look-up table.1st ECERS score Space and FurnishingsNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Personal Care RoutinesNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Language and Reasoning Numeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Activities Numeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Interaction Numeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Program StructureNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS score Parents and StaffNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 1st ECERS cumulative classroom scoreNumeric/NullAverage score across all subscales 2nd ECERS Score Space and FurnishingsNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score Personal Care RoutinesNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score Language and Reasoning Numeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score ActivitiesNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score InteractionNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score Program StructureNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS Score Parents and StaffNumeric/NullAverage score for subscale 2nd ECERS cumulative classroom scoreNumeric/NullAverage score across all subscales.Early Learning Parent-Child Home Program Source HSD (twice yearly) Data ElementData TypeNotes YearNumericThe year of the period that the data is reported for, e. g. , 2006 for reporting period December 2006. MonthNumericThe month of the period that the data is reported for, e. g. , 12 for reporting period December 2006. Child HSD IDNumeric Student IDNumericEnter SPS Student ID after child is enrolled in Kindergarten Ethnicity CodeChar 25 categories from SPS, Other, Bi-Racial/Multi Racial Gender CodeChar 1 AgeNumeric In Parent-Child Home visitor ProgramYes/NoStudent has participated in the Parent-Child Home Visito r Program during the month.Parent-Child Home Visitor Program Provider CodeNumeric292 = Atlantic Street Center 304 = Neighborhood House at Rainier Vista 305 = Neighborhood House at New Holly 310 = Southwest offspring and Family Services Parent-Child Home Visitor Program Total Number of VisitsNumeric/NullCumulative number of visits during the month. 1st Child Behavior Traits (CBT) Assessment Cooperation with Adults Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 average score for items that make up the domain shown at left 1. Does not exhibit this behavior 2. Sometimes exhibits this behavior 3. Most of the time exhibits this behavior 4. Always exhibits this behavior 1st CBT Assessment Attention to Task Domain.Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 average score for items that make up the domain shown at left 1. Does not exhibit this behavior 2. Sometimes exhibits this behavior 3. Most of the time exhibits this behavior 4. Always exhibits this behavior 1st CBT Assessment Engagement in Developmentally Appropriate Tasks Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 average score for items that make up the domain shown at left 1. Does not exhibit this behavior 2. Sometimes exhibits this behavior 3. Most of the time exhibits this behavior 4. Always exhibits this behavior 2nd CBT Assessment Cooperation with Adults DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 2nd CBT Assessment Attention to Task DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4.2nd CBT Assessment Engagement in Developmentally Appropriate Tasks DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 3rd CBT Assessment Cooperation with Adults DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 3rd CBT Assessment Attention to Task DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 3rd CBT Assessment Engagement in Developmentally Appropriate Tasks DomainNumeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 1st Parent and Child Together (PACT) Assessment Parent-Child Interactions Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 average score for items that make up the domain shown at left 1. Does not exhibit this behavior 2. Sometimes exhib its this behavior 3. Most of the time exhibits this behavior 4.Always exhibits this behavior 1st PACT Assessment -Positive Parenting Behavior Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 average score for items that make up the domain shown at left 1. Does not exhibit this behavior 2. Sometimes exhibits this behavior 3. Most of the time exhibits this behavior 4. Always exhibits this behavior 2nd PACT Assessment Parent-Child Interactions Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 2nd PACT Assessment Positive Parenting Behavior Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 3rd PACT Assessment Parent-Child Interactions Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4 3rd PACT Assessment Positive Parenting Behavior Domain Numeric/NullScore ranges 1-4.1st Teacher Rating of Oral Language and Literacy (TROLL) Assessment Language ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-20 (5 items with level best of 4 points for each item) 1st TROLL Assessment Reading ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-20 (5 items with maximum of 4 points for each item) 1st TROLL Assessment Print Concept ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-12 (3 items with maximum of 4 points for each item) 2nd TROLL Assessment Language ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-20 (5 items with maximum of 4 points for each item) 2nd TROLL Assessment Reading ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-33 (8 items with maximum of 4 points for each item one Yes/No item scored 1/0 ) 2nd TROLL Assessment Print Concept ScoreNumeric/NullScore ranges 0-28 (7 items with maximum of 4 points for each item).

Mayan Art Architecture Essay

Art for the Mayans was a reflection of their lifestyle and culture. For the Mayans art took several forms including painting paper, plaster, carvings in woodwind and store, clay, stucco models, and terra cotta figurines from molds. Metal was precise scarce and so it wasnt commonly employ.Mayan Art during the period, 200 to 900 has been considered the al or so sophisticated and beautiful of the New World. There is few remaining Mayan Art, which includes funerary pottery, ceramics, a building in Bonampak (which is around Chiapas, Mexico), has several murals.What is interesting is that Mayan art gave almost free reign to the artist. The artist was not necessitate to produce a induce that fit any particular rules. The art usually didnt outline anonymous priests and un haved Gods. few archaeologists believe that art was only produced by the wealthy. Most of the people who lived were farmers who had to work hard to make a living. It is presumed that most of the art was done by sons of kings, and the artworks make were given as gifts or sold to otherwise wealthy landowners. An interesting fact is that Mayans were one of the few civilizations that the artists signed their name to their work.ARCHITECTUREThe Mayan architecture is the method the men spoke to the gods. The first Mayan pyramid was said to be build in Uaxatan, Guatemala, precisely before the birth of Christ.The Mayan architecture is one of the most recognizable. Each pyramid was use to a deity whose shrine was at the peak. At the height of the Mayan civilization, cities like Chichen Itza, Tikal, Uxmal were created.URBAN DESIGNMayan cities were open up all throughout Mesoamerica. Locations of cities werenot planned to a great extent. In fact, most cities seem to be placed haphazardly. The Mayans easily adapted their cities to their surroundings. Cities that were in northern Yucatan existed on flat limestone plains, while cities built in the mountains or on hills such as, Usumacinta, used the topo graphy to raise their towers and tabernacles very high.At the centre of all Mayan cities were braggart(a) plazas, which held governmental and ghostlike buildings such as the pyramid temples and twine-courts.Although it seems that most planning was done in a haphazard manner, the Mayans placed very special attention to the directional orientation of temples and observatories. They were always constructed in uniformity with Maya interpretation of the orbits of the stars.Outside of ritual centers were the formation of lesser nobles, smaller temples, and individual shrines. These less sacred structures had more more privacy. Outside of the urban core were the less permanent and modest homes of common people. In essence, it was the most sacred and noble buildings in the centre and the further one got from the center the lower of importance the worry was in the Mayan hierarchy.In the classic Era the Mayans focused on great monuments (such as temples), public plazas. inside(prenomin al) Space was entirely secondary. In the later-post classic era the Greater Mayan cities unquestionable into more fortress-like defensives structures that lacked plazas.The Mayans actually developed several unique building innovations, including the corbel arch which was a false arch achieved by stepping separately successive block, from opposite sides, closer to the center, and capped at the peak.MATERIALSThe Mayans lacked many construction technologies. They didnt have coat tools, pulleys, and even the wheel or at to the lowest degree they didnt use the wheel as a means to help in work. Mayan architecture was based on manpower. Allstone was taken from local anaesthetic quarries, and they mostly used limestone. It wasnt only used because there was an abundance of it but because it was easy to be worked with. The mortar generally consisted of crushed, burnet, and mixed limestone that is similar to cement, and it gave a stucco finishing.PROCESSThe King or priests would contend the labour of the common people. The peasants would work on the construction projects as a method to pay allegiance to the king and the state, and the construction typically took place when they were unable to do their agricultural work. The laboureres would carry loads of materials on their backs of roll them on logs to get them from the source, usually a quarry, to the site.The Mayans also had specialized workers such as architects who would care the construction of the buildings.STYLEMayan architects did not build in right angles. They relied on bilateral symmetry import if you were to cut the building right down the middle, each half would look like a reverberate image of the other side. They would also build temples on top of temples. This is one method on how they made some pyramids so large.COMMON STRUCTURESCeremonial PlatformsThese were made of limestone, and less than 4 meters in height. Public ceremonies and unearthly rites were performed here. The buildings were oft en accented by carved figures, altars and sometimes a tzompantli. A tzompantly is a stake used to display the heads of victims, or defeated Ball game opponents. The word comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs, however,it has been applied to many other civilizations. The general interpretation is skull rack or wall of skulls.PalacesNeedless to say, palaces were large and highly decorated. They were usually placed at the center of the city and housed the citys elite. Often, they were one-story and consisted of many small chambers and at least one courtyard. Sometimes, palaces were home to various tombs.E-groupsStill a mystery today. The appeared on the western side of a plaza and they are a pyramid temple facing three smaller temples across the plaza. Some believe that these E-Groups are observatories due to precise positioning of the sun through the small temples when viewed during solsites and equinioxes.Pyramids and templesMost religious temples say atop very high Maya Pyra mids one theory stating that it was the closest place to the heavens. Most temples had a roof comb which is a superficial grandiose wall, they say the temples served as a type of propaganda. It was very occasional that these walls would exceed the height of the jungle. The roof combs would be carved with representations of rulers that could be seen from vast distances. Beneath the temple were a series of platforms split by steep stairs that would allow access to the temple.ObservatoriesThe Maya were very sizable people, and they were keen astronomers, they had mapped out phases of planets. The method they learned about this is through their observatories. The Mayans had these round temples, often dedicated to Quetzalcoatl or what they called him Kukulcan, and if you go on tours many guides will say that they are observatories but realisticallythere is no evidence to prove this.Ball CourtsAn integral part to any Mesoamerican lifestyle. This inst specific to just the Mayans but to b asically every Mesoamerican civilization. Enclosed on two sides by stepped ramps that led to the platforms. The ball court was found in all but the smallest of Mayan cities.Explanation of The GameIt was the first team gambling in history and began over 3,500 years ago. The game wasnt just for competition, the survival of the players and the spectators depended on the outcome.